What Is Free Evolution? And How To Utilize It > 자유게시판

• 목록
• 답변
• 글쓰기
• 게시판 리스트 옵션
  • 수정
  • 삭제

What is Free Evolution?

Free evolution is the idea that natural processes can cause organisms to evolve over time. This includes the evolution of new species and the alteration of the appearance of existing species.

Many examples have been given of this, such as different varieties of stickleback fish that can be found in salt or fresh water, as well as walking stick insect varieties that are attracted to particular host plants. These reversible traits can't, however, explain fundamental changes in basic body plans.

Evolution through Natural Selection

Scientists have been fascinated by the evolution of all the living creatures that inhabit our planet for ages. The best-established explanation is Darwin's natural selection process, which occurs when better-adapted individuals survive and reproduce more successfully than those that are less well-adapted. As time passes, the number of individuals who are well-adapted grows and eventually creates an entirely new species.

Natural selection is an ongoing process and involves the interaction of 3 factors including reproduction, variation and inheritance. Variation is caused by mutations and sexual reproduction both of which enhance the genetic diversity of the species. Inheritance is the passing of a person's genetic characteristics to the offspring of that person that includes recessive and dominant alleles. Reproduction is the process of creating viable, fertile offspring. This can be done through sexual or asexual methods.

Natural selection is only possible when all the factors are in balance. For example the case where an allele that is dominant at one gene allows an organism to live and reproduce more often than the recessive one, the dominant allele will be more common in the population. If the allele confers a negative survival advantage or reduces the fertility of the population, it will be eliminated. The process is self reinforcing which means that an organism with an adaptive characteristic will live and 에볼루션사이트 reproduce far more effectively than those with a maladaptive feature. The more fit an organism is as measured by its capacity to reproduce and endure, is the higher number of offspring it produces. People with desirable characteristics, such as a long neck in the giraffe, or bright white patterns on male peacocks, are more likely than others to reproduce and survive, which will eventually lead to them becoming the majority.

Natural selection is an aspect of populations and not on individuals. This is a significant distinction from the Lamarckian theory of evolution which holds that animals acquire traits through usage or inaction. For instance, if the animal's neck is lengthened by reaching out to catch prey its offspring will inherit a more long neck. The difference in neck size between generations will increase until the giraffe is unable to breed with other giraffes.

Evolution through Genetic Drift

In the process of genetic drift, alleles of a gene could reach different frequencies within a population due to random events. At some point, 에볼루션 슬롯 one will reach fixation (become so common that it cannot be removed by natural selection) and other alleles will fall to lower frequencies. In the extreme this, it leads to a single allele dominance. The other alleles are eliminated, and heterozygosity decreases to zero. In a small population it could result in the complete elimination the recessive gene. This scenario is called the bottleneck effect. It is typical of the evolutionary process that occurs whenever the number of individuals migrate to form a population.

A phenotypic bottleneck can also occur when the survivors of a catastrophe, such as an epidemic or mass hunting event, are condensed in a limited area. The survivors will have a dominant allele and thus will have the same phenotype. This could be caused by earthquakes, war or even a plague. The genetically distinct population, if left, could be susceptible to genetic drift.

Walsh, Lewens and Ariew define drift as a departure from expected values due to differences in fitness. They cite the famous example of twins that are genetically identical and 에볼루션 룰렛 블랙잭 (Qa.Holoo.Co.Ir) share the same phenotype, but one is struck by lightning and dies, while the other is able to reproduce.

This kind of drift can be crucial in the evolution of the species. However, it's not the only method to evolve. The most common alternative is to use a process known as natural selection, where the phenotypic variation of the population is maintained through mutation and migration.

Stephens claims that there is a significant difference between treating the phenomenon of drift as an actual cause or force, and treating other causes like migration and selection mutation as forces and causes. He claims that a causal-process account of drift allows us separate it from other forces and this distinction is crucial. He further argues that drift has a direction, i.e., it tends to reduce heterozygosity. It also has a size that is determined by population size.

Evolution through Lamarckism

When students in high school study biology they are often introduced to the work of Jean-Baptiste Lamarck (1744 - 1829). His theory of evolution is often referred to as "Lamarckism" and it asserts that simple organisms evolve into more complex organisms via the inheritance of characteristics that are a result of the organism's natural actions use and misuse. Lamarckism is typically illustrated with the image of a giraffe stretching its neck further to reach higher up in the trees. This causes the necks of giraffes that are longer to be passed to their offspring, who would then grow even taller.

Lamarck the French Zoologist, introduced an innovative idea in his opening lecture at the Museum of Natural History of Paris. He challenged conventional wisdom on organic transformation. According to Lamarck, living creatures evolved from inanimate material by a series of gradual steps. Lamarck was not the first to suggest that this could be the case but the general consensus is that he was the one having given the subject its first general and comprehensive treatment.

The prevailing story is that Lamarckism became a rival to Charles Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection and that the two theories battled out in the 19th century. Darwinism ultimately prevailed, leading to what biologists refer to as the Modern Synthesis. The Modern Synthesis theory denies the possibility that acquired traits can be acquired through inheritance and instead suggests that organisms evolve by the symbiosis of environmental factors, including natural selection.

Lamarck and his contemporaries endorsed the idea that acquired characters could be passed on to future generations. However, this idea was never a major part of any of their theories on evolution. This is partly because it was never scientifically validated.

It has been more than 200 year since Lamarck's birth, 에볼루션 무료 바카라 and in the age genomics there is a growing evidence base that supports the heritability acquired characteristics. It is sometimes referred to as "neo-Lamarckism" or, more often epigenetic inheritance. It is a version of evolution that is just as valid as the more well-known Neo-Darwinian theory.

Evolution through the process of adaptation

One of the most common misconceptions about evolution is that it is a result of a kind of struggle for 에볼루션 사이트 survival. This notion is not true and ignores other forces driving evolution. The struggle for survival is more precisely described as a fight to survive within a particular environment, which may involve not only other organisms but also the physical environment itself.

Understanding adaptation is important to understand evolution. The term "adaptation" refers to any characteristic that allows living organisms to survive in its environment and reproduce. It could be a physiological structure, such as fur or feathers, or a behavioral trait such as a tendency to move into the shade in hot weather or coming out at night to avoid the cold.

An organism's survival depends on its ability to extract energy from the surrounding environment and interact with other organisms and their physical environments. The organism must possess the right genes to create offspring, and must be able to access sufficient food and other resources. Moreover, the organism must be capable of reproducing at a high rate within its niche.

These factors, along with mutation and gene flow, lead to changes in the ratio of alleles (different forms of a gene) in the gene pool of a population. Over time, this change in allele frequencies can lead to the emergence of new traits and 에볼루션 슬롯 eventually new species.

Many of the characteristics we appreciate in plants and animals are adaptations. For instance, lungs or gills that extract oxygen from the air, fur and feathers as insulation long legs to run away from predators and camouflage to conceal. However, a thorough understanding of adaptation requires attention to the distinction between behavioral and physiological traits.

Physiological adaptations, such as the thick fur or gills are physical traits, while behavioral adaptations, like the tendency to seek out friends or to move into the shade in hot weather, aren't. In addition, it is important to understand that a lack of forethought does not mean that something is an adaptation. Inability to think about the consequences of a decision, even if it appears to be logical, can cause it to be unadaptive.